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智能計算芯片技術及產(chǎn)業(yè)趨勢和對北京的建議
2022年電子技術應用第11期
朱 晶1,2
1.北京國際工程咨詢有限公司,北京100055;2.北京半導體行業(yè)協(xié)會,北京100191
摘要: 智能計算芯片是處理海量數(shù)據(jù),體現(xiàn)計算能力的硬件載體,是承載數(shù)字經(jīng)濟時代生產(chǎn)力的重要支撐。隨著人工智能、5G、大數(shù)據(jù)、區(qū)塊鏈等新一代信息技術的規(guī)?;瘧?,行業(yè)數(shù)字化轉型和產(chǎn)業(yè)智能化升級對計算資源的需求呈現(xiàn)指數(shù)級增長。加上集成電路的發(fā)展進入后摩爾時代,現(xiàn)行計算架構(馮·諾依曼架構)缺陷所導致的瓶頸愈加凸顯,發(fā)展受到嚴重挑戰(zhàn)。而滿足多樣化計算需求的新型計算架構和計算范式、滿足智能計算需求的先進封裝技術、基于新材料新工藝的新型計算器件也進入到創(chuàng)新活躍的階段,智能計算芯片迎來了快速發(fā)展的黃金時代。綜合分析了數(shù)字經(jīng)濟時代智能計算芯片的戰(zhàn)略重要性,梳理了國內外智能計算主要產(chǎn)業(yè)格局、新興關鍵技術以及發(fā)展機遇,并對北京發(fā)展智能計算芯片的機遇與路徑提出相關建議。
中圖分類號: F062.9;F49
文獻標識碼: A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.222728
中文引用格式: 朱晶. 智能計算芯片技術及產(chǎn)業(yè)趨勢和對北京的建議[J].電子技術應用,2022,48(11):33-40.
英文引用格式: Zhu Jing. Technologies and industry trends of intelligent computing chips and suggestions for Beijing[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2022,48(11):33-40.
Technologies and industry trends of intelligent computing chips and suggestions for Beijing
Zhu Jing1,2
1.Beijing International Engineering Consulting Company,Beijing 100055,China; 2.Beijing Semiconductor Industry Association,Beijing 100191,China
Abstract: Intelligent computing chips are hardware carriers that process massive amounts of data and reflect computing capabilities, and are an important support for productivity in the digital economy era. With the large-scale application of new-generation information technologies such as artificial intelligence, 5G, big data, and blockchain, the demand for computing resources in the digital transformation of the industry and the upgrading of industrial intelligence has increased exponentially. In addition, the development of integrated circuits has entered the post-Moore era, and the bottleneck caused by the defects of the current computing architecture(Von Neumann architecture) has become more and more prominent, and the development has been seriously challenged. The integrated computing architecture, new computing paradigms, and new computing devices based on new materials and new processes that meet diverse computing needs have also entered a stage of active innovation, and intelligent computing chips have ushered in a golden age of rapid development. This paper comprehensively analyzes the strategic importance of intelligent computing chips in the digital economy era, the development paths and trends of domestic and foreign technologies, and sorts out the main industrial patterns and development opportunities of intelligent computing at home and abroad.
Key words : integrated circuit;intelligent computing;computing architecture;key emerging technologies;digital economy

0 引言

    隨著新一輪科技革命和產(chǎn)業(yè)變革的深入發(fā)展,算力作為數(shù)字經(jīng)濟時代新的生產(chǎn)力,已成為全球戰(zhàn)略競爭新焦點。美國于2020年11月發(fā)布《引領未來先進計算生態(tài)系統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)略計劃》,計劃構建覆蓋政產(chǎn)學研的國家級算力體系,鞏固本國算力優(yōu)勢。歐盟于2021年3月發(fā)布“2030數(shù)字指南針”計劃,日本和澳大利亞等國也紛紛加大算力建設投入,新型算力基礎設施已成為多國的重點關注方向[1]。我國也陸續(xù)出臺了《全國一體化大數(shù)據(jù)中心協(xié)同創(chuàng)新體系算力樞紐實施方案》等多項政策,正加快啟動“東數(shù)西算”工程,在京津冀、長三角、粵港澳大灣區(qū)、成渝、內蒙古、貴州、甘肅、寧夏8地啟動建設國家算力樞紐節(jié)點,并規(guī)劃了10個國家數(shù)據(jù)中心集群,加速構建以算力為核心的新型基礎設施體系。由此可見,算力已成為全社會數(shù)智化轉型的基石,將直接影響數(shù)字經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展速度,直接決定社會智能的發(fā)展高度,一個以算力為核心生產(chǎn)力的時代加速到來。而無論是人工智能算法的實現(xiàn)、海量數(shù)據(jù)的獲取和存儲還是計算能力的體現(xiàn)都離不開計算芯片。北京在計算芯片領域擁有強大的技術積累、豐富的場景資源以及創(chuàng)新的產(chǎn)業(yè)生態(tài),因此,快速推動北京智能計算芯片的技術能級提升和產(chǎn)業(yè)集群化發(fā)展,對北京促進基于智能算力的社會數(shù)字化轉型、布局前沿計算新技術賽道、推進多樣化算力構筑產(chǎn)業(yè)健康生態(tài)具有重要意義。




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作者信息:

朱  晶1,2

(1.北京國際工程咨詢有限公司,北京100055;2.北京半導體行業(yè)協(xié)會,北京100191)




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