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流量劫持罪名認定的困境與紓解——基于數據安全法益的視角
網絡安全與數據治理
許瀚文
甘肅政法大學涉外法治學院
摘要: 流量劫持不僅會因破壞市場競爭秩序被反不正當競爭法規(guī)制,還有可能因參與網絡黑灰產業(yè)犯罪而落入刑法范疇?;谛袨閺碗s與主體多元的特性,流量劫持的罪名認定存在計算機犯罪與財產犯罪兩種典型觀點,其背后反映出虛擬財產法益、網絡秩序法益與系統安全法益的取舍。基于流量劫持行為過程和應用場景的考量,其本質應為對計算機信息系統或應用程序的數據通信行為加以非法控制,侵害了數據安全法益。破壞計算機信息系統罪所保護的數據安全法益,與流量劫持的侵害法益趨同,具有適用的可行性與必要性;同時需要對數據、應用程序、干擾等入罪要件進行刑法教義學釋義。
中圖分類號:D922文獻標識碼:ADOI:10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2024.03.008
引用格式:許瀚文.流量劫持罪名認定的困境與紓解[J].網絡安全與數據治理,2024,43(3):49-54.
The dilemma and relief of traffic hijacking offense determination ——Based on the perspective of the legal benefits of data security
Xu Hanwen
School of Foreign Affairs and Law,Gansu University of Political Science and Law
Abstract: Traffic hijacking is not only regulated by the anti unfair competition law for destroying the order of market competition, but also may fall into the scope of criminal law for participating in the crime of network black ash industry. Based on the complexity of the behavior and the characteristics of multiple subjects, there are two typical views on the determination of the crime of traffic hijacking, namely, computer crime and property crime, which reflect the trade offs between the legal benefits of virtual asset, the legal benefits of online order and the legal benefits of system safety.Based on the consideration of the behavioral process and applications of traffic hijacking, its essence shall be to unlawfully control the behavior of application program or data communication of the computerized information system, which infringes on the legal interests of data security. The legal interests of data security protected by the crime of damaging computer information systems are convergent with those infringed upon by traffic hijacking, and the application is feasible and necessary,at the same time, it is necessary to carry out a jurisprudential interpretation of the elements of incrimination, such as data, application programs and interference.
Key words : traffic hijacking; data security; system security; interference; application program

引言

隨著互聯網的普及和數字化進程的加速,流量劫持所造成的社會危害性日益凸顯,成為網絡安全領域的重要議題。數字經濟下的流量與收益直接掛鉤,一旦本屬于某些經營者的流量被惡意轉移,其盈利能力必將大幅削弱;而且流量劫持人為設置消費者與網絡平臺直接聯系的障礙,使得消費者自愿或者被迫放棄目標搜索頁面,進而提高了搜索信息的成本。正因如此,流量劫持行為出現之初,因其違反了公平競爭的原則,主要由《中華人民共和國反不正當競爭法》進行規(guī)制。然而,流量劫持嚴重損害公民個人信息安全、財產安全和社會秩序,因此具有刑法規(guī)制的必要性。2015年,上海市浦東新區(qū)人民法院對付宣豪、黃子超破壞計算機信息系統案作出入刑的判決以來,流量劫持的刑法定性與量刑規(guī)則引起了刑法學界和實務部門的關注。基于此,本文從數據安全法益的視角出發(fā),對流量劫持的罪名認定進行深入研究,通過對流量劫持的行為解構和類型化進行詳細闡述,立足對相關罪名的檢視和法益溯因分析,提出數據安全法益視角下流量劫持罪名的紓困路徑,以期對流量劫持的刑法定性與規(guī)制有所裨益。


本文詳細內容請下載:

http://theprogrammingfactory.com/resource/share/2000005934


作者信息:

許瀚文

甘肅政法大學涉外法治學院,甘肅蘭州730070


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