《電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用》
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一種高效的神經(jīng)肌肉電刺激系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)
電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用
劉東鳴1,王妙1,喬峰2,竇唯波1,郭春花1
1.陜西省醫(yī)療器械質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)院;2.四川省醫(yī)療器械檢測中心
摘要: 設(shè)計(jì)了一種高效的神經(jīng)肌肉電刺激(Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation,NMES)系統(tǒng)。NMES的工作原理是利用神經(jīng)細(xì)胞的電興奮性,通過脈沖電流刺激支配肌肉的神經(jīng),從而使肌肉收縮。系統(tǒng)由干電池供電,降壓和升壓電路采用高效的方案從而來降低功耗,以STM32F4單片機(jī)為主控芯片,產(chǎn)生用于控制刺激強(qiáng)度的DAC信號(hào),以及復(fù)用開關(guān)的控制信號(hào),經(jīng)過由復(fù)用開關(guān)、恒流源、H橋組成的復(fù)用恒流源電路,產(chǎn)生分時(shí)的電流刺激,從而有效降低系統(tǒng)功耗和設(shè)備體積。
中圖分類號(hào):TP242.3 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.244939
中文引用格式: 劉東鳴,王妙,喬峰,等. 一種高效的神經(jīng)肌肉電刺激系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,2024,50(8):102-107.
英文引用格式: Li Dongming,Wang Miao,Qiao Feng,et al. Design of an efficient neuromuscular electrical stimulation system[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2024,50(8):102-107.
Design of an efficient neuromuscular electrical stimulation system
Li Dongming1,Wang Miao1,Qiao Feng2,Dou Weibo1,Guo Chunhua1
1.Shaanxi Medical Devices Quality Testing Institute; 2.Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Device
Abstract: The article presents an efficient system for neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). NMES operates by harnessing the electrical excitability of nerve cells to stimulate the nerves that control muscles through pulsed electrical currents, thereby inducing muscle contractions. The system is powered by dry cell batteries, and the voltage regulation and boost circuits employ high-efficiency designs to reduce power consumption. It is centered around the STM32F4 microcontroller, which generates the DAC signals for controlling the stimulation intensity, as well as the control signals for the multiplexing switch. Through a circuit comprising a multiplexing switch, constant current source, and H-bridge, the system produces time-division current stimulation, effectively reducing power consumption and device size.
Key words : NMES;constant current source;low power consumption;biphasic symmetric square wave;multiplexer

引言

神經(jīng)肌肉電刺激(Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation,NMES)的原理為NMES設(shè)備向神經(jīng)發(fā)送電脈沖信號(hào),由電脈沖信號(hào)控制肌肉收縮[1]。脈沖由NMES設(shè)備產(chǎn)生,通過粘附在皮膚上的電極將電脈沖信號(hào)傳遞至被刺激肌肉,該電脈沖信號(hào)模仿來自中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)作電位,控制肌肉收縮。

NMES設(shè)備可以用作健康受試者和運(yùn)動(dòng)員的力量訓(xùn)練工具[2];也可以用作一部分人的康復(fù)和預(yù)防工具[3];還可以用作評(píng)估體內(nèi)神經(jīng)和肌肉功能的測試工具[4]。

目前已有的MES設(shè)備多數(shù)體積較大,且需要連接到220 V的電源,功耗較高且不具備便攜性。但是,對(duì)用于可植入的NMES設(shè)備和用于便攜的NMES設(shè)備需求逐漸增多[5],這便對(duì)NMES設(shè)備的功耗和便攜性有了更加嚴(yán)格的要求。針對(duì)以上問題,本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種高效的神經(jīng)肌肉電刺激系統(tǒng),主要利用多路復(fù)用開關(guān)實(shí)現(xiàn)了多個(gè)通道電流回路的分時(shí)復(fù)用,在實(shí)現(xiàn)所需功能的同時(shí),盡可能地降低所使用的元器件數(shù)量從而降低系統(tǒng)功耗和設(shè)備體積。


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http://theprogrammingfactory.com/resource/share/2000006131


作者信息:

劉東鳴1,王妙1,喬峰2,竇唯波1,郭春花1

(1.陜西省醫(yī)療器械質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)院,陜西 西安 712046;

2.四川省醫(yī)療器械檢測中心,四川 成都 611731)


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